Subclass 189 (skilled independent)
Based on points alone. High points and a CSOL occupation = fastest self-directed PR.
485 Granted · Multiple PR Routes · Timing Strategy
Your 485 is granted. Now what?
The 485 gives you 2-6 years of post-study work rights. During that time, multiple PR pathways open. Most 485 holders benefit from planning the PR strategy during the 485, not at the end. Here is every option.
The five main PR pathways
Not all fit every graduate.
Five main routes exist. Best fit depends on occupation, points, regional willingness, and employer access.
Subclass 190 (state nomination)
State adds 5 points. Access to state occupation lists beyond national CSOL. See state nomination.
Subclass 491 (regional)
15 points for regional sponsor. Requires 3 years regional work for 191 PR. Generous pathway for regional graduates.
482/SID + 186 TRT
Find sponsor, work 2 years, transition to 186 TRT. Best for graduates with strong professional networks.
186 Direct Entry
Skills assessment + CSOL occupation + employer nomination. Direct PR in one step. Best for graduates who quickly secure sponsor.
485 period planning
Use the 485 time wisely.
Strategic use of the 485 period sets up PR regardless of pathway.
Year 1: Experience buildingFocus on skilled employment in the nominated occupation. Builds points, skills assessment reviewability, and sponsor options.
Year 2: English and skillsMaximise English score. If partner English not yet proficient, plan it. Get skills assessment if not already.
Year 3: EOI and pathway decisionStrong EOI for 189/190 by year 3. State nomination exploration. Sponsor conversations.
Year 4+: Execute PRWhether skilled or sponsored, most graduates lodge PR in year 3-4 of 485.
Which pathway fits
Three decision factors.
Your points, occupation, and sponsor access drive pathway choice.
Points position
85-95 points on CSOL occupation = 189. 80-90 points = 190 state nomination. Lower points = 491 or sponsored.
Occupation on CSOL
On CSOL = 189/190 accessible. Off CSOL = 491 regional lists, state lists, or sponsored.
Sponsor access
Strong employer relationship = sponsored pathway. No sponsor access = skilled only.
Most 485 holders aim for PR in year 3, not year 2.
The 485 provides time. Rushing PR lodgement in year 1 often means weaker applications than lodging in year 3 with better points and sponsor options. Use the 485 window deliberately.
Common questions
The questions we hear most.
For 485 to PR planning, book with Vishal Sharma or Gurjeev Bhalla.
Can I lodge PR application before 485 ends?
Yes. In fact, most graduates lodge PR during 485. Bridging visa bridges the gap between 485 and PR grant.
Does 485 count toward 186 TRT 2-year requirement?
No. 186 TRT specifically requires 2 years on 482 or SID, not 485.
Can I move between pathways during 485?
Yes. Many graduates hold EOIs for skilled while also pursuing sponsored. Running parallel is strategic.
What if my 485 expires before PR is granted?
Bridging visa takes over until PR is decided. Work rights continue typically.
Some information on this page has been sourced from the Department of Home Affairs and has been interpreted and approved by Principal Migration Agent Sourabh Aggarwal (MARN 1462159). Last reviewed: May 2026.